Новости науки и практики // Март 2019

Vesicular transport and salt tolerance

Flowers et al. collect data on the rates of sodium transport found in halophytes and outline vesicle transport systems in general. They conclude there is strong evidence in favour of vesicular transport in plants and circumstantial evidence in favour of the movement of ions in vesicles.

https://www.botany.one/2019/01/vesicular-transport-and-salt-tolerance/

Basis of efficient blue-green light harvesting and photoprotection in diatoms revealed

A research team solved the crystal structure of an FCP protein from a marine pennate diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-02/caos-boe020219.php

Calcium signals are necessary to establish auxin transporter polarity in a plant stem cell niche

Scientists show that mechanical stimulation of the SAM (shoot apical meristems) causes transient changes in cytoplasmic calcium ion concentration (Ca2+) and that transient Ca2+ response is required for downstream changes in PIN-polarity.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-08575-6

How plants learned to save water

Scientists summarize the current state of knowledge on the signalling pathways that plants use to regulate their water balance.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-02/uow-hpl022119.php

Biologists answer fundamental question about cell size

Biologists have discovered why cell sizes are so tightly regulated. Researchers found that the need to produce just the right amount of protein is behind the striking uniformity of sizes.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/02/190207114913.htm

Living together: How legume roots accommodate two distinct microbial partners

A research team including University of Tsukuba identifies a gene that controls how legume roots form biological partnerships with two completely different types of microbe -- bacteria and fungi -- that both help supply nutrients.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-02/uot-lth022819.php

Cell editors correct genetic errors

Almost all land plants employ an army of editors who correct errors in their genetic information. Researchers have now transferred parts of this machinery into a bacterium. Their results confirm a controversial thesis on the functioning of this widespread mechanism.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/03/190301084849.htm

How Capsella followed its lonely heart

The Brassicaceae plant family boasts a stunning diversity of fruit shapes. But even in this cosmopolitan company, the heart-shaped seed pods of the Capsella genus stand out.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/02/190228141339.htm

Improving ecosystems with aquatic plants

Study shows how to grow aquatic plants in large-scale plant production systems.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-02/asfh-iew022719.php

Duons that regulate the spatial patterning of gene expression in planta

Duons are so-called because they represent DNA sequence that plays a dual role in coding for amino acids but also in transcription factor binding and thus gene regulation.

https://www.plantsci.cam.ac.uk/news/2018-02-07

Growing the tallest is not always the best option

Chloroplast retrograde signalling discovered to be key to attenuate the elongation response to shade in plants.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-02/cfri-gtt020519.php

Seeing MAPK activity

Scientists developed a genetically encoded biosensor to visualize MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinases) activity in living tissues.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-019-0373-4

Comparing antioxidants levels in tomatoes of different color

Specific antioxidants are associated with particular tomato colors.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-02/asfh-cal022719.php

Research identifies mechanism that helps plants fight bacterial infection

UC Riverside study could lead to better strategies for protecting crops from attacks by pathogens.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-02/uoc--rim022819.php

Plants: How cell walls are assembled

The scientists have succeeded in understanding how processes are coordinated that are pivotal in properly separating daughter cells during cell division.

https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-02/mh-phc022019.php