Новости науки и практики // Январь 2018

Regulatory networks controlling the development of the root system and the formation of lateral roots
Chiatante and colleagues suggest models of possible regulatory mechanisms for inducing specific root vascular cambium (VC) stem cells to abandon their activity in the production of xylem and phloem elements and to start instead the construction of a new lateral root primordium.
https://www.botany.one/2018/11/regulatory-networks-controlling-the-development-of-the-root-system-and-the-formation-of-lateral-roots/

How does your garden grow in space?
Understanding how plants respond to microgravity is critical to providing fresh food during space exploration initiatives. Researchers compared two methods - RNA-Seq and microarray -- of analyzing which genes are expressed (the 'transcriptome') in plant tissue, specifically in the root tip. The results reveal how plants adapt to the microgravity space environment.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/12/181219075911.htm

Abscisic acid inhibits hypocotyl elongation acting on gibberellins, DELLA proteins and auxin
Results show that ABA negatively controls hypocotyl elongation by acting on gibberellin metabolic genes, increasing the amount of the DELLA proteins, thus affecting GA (gibberellin) signalling, and (ultimately) repressing auxin biosynthetic genes.
https://www.botany.one/2018/11/abscisic-acid-inhibits-hypocotyl-elongation-acting-on-gibberellins-della-proteins-and-auxin/

Morphological responses of plant roots to mechanical stress
Izabela Potocka and Joanna Szymanowska-Pułka focus on the morphological responses of roots to mechanical stress and discuss the effect of the combination of mechanical stresses with other abiotic stresses on roots, and results of estimating the force exerted by the roots.
https://www.botany.one/2018/11/morphological-responses-of-plant-roots-to-mechanical-stress/

Forget-me-not: Scientists pinpoint memory mechanism in plants
Plant scientists have unraveled a mechanism that enables flowering plants to sense and 'remember' changes in their environment.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/12/181221123859.htm

Auxin transport and stem vascular reconnection – has our thinking become canalized?
This article examines the hypothesis that canalization via polar auxin transport regulates vascular reconnection and patterning in the stem after wounding or grafting.
https://www.botany.one/2018/12/auxin-transport-and-stem-vascular-reconnection-has-our-thinking-become-canalized/

New technique to identify phloem cells aids in the fight against citrus greening
Fluorescent microscopy and organelle-specific dyes can help understand phloem diseases across species.
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-12/bsoa-ntt120318.php

Plants as antifungal factories
Researchers have developed a biotechnological tool to produce, in a very efficient manner, antifungal proteins in the leaves of the plant Nicotiana benthamiana. These proteins are promising biomolecules that could be used to develop new antifungals whose properties and mechanisms of action represent improvements on the existing ones.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/12/181210101926.htm

A Highly Efficient Cell Division-Specific CRISPR/Cas9 System Generates Homozygous Mutants for Multiple Genes in Arabidopsis
Feng et al. evaluate CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing efficiencies using different promoters to drive Cas9 expression.
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/12/3925

C4 anatomy can evolve via a single developmental change
Lundgren et al. quantify the anatomical changes accompanying the transition between non‐C4 and C4 phenotypes by sampling widely across the continuum of leaf anatomical traits in the grass Alloteropsis semialata.
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ele.13191

Cellular Ca2+ Signals Generate Defined pH Signatures in Plants
Data suggest that the association with pH may be a general feature of Ca2+ transients that depends on the transient characteristics and the intracellular compartment.
http://www.plantcell.org/content/30/11/2704

Звериный ген поможет растениям очищать воздух
Генетически модифицированные комнатные растения поглощают хлороформ и бензол из окружающего воздуха.
https://www.nkj.ru/news/35191/

Mitochondrial Function Modulates Touch Signalling in Arabidopsis thaliana
Even the slightest touch activates a major genetic defense response which, if repeated, slows down plant growth.
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-12/ltu-pdl121518.php

News about a plant hormone
Scientists found that jasmonic acid also is involved in the quick closure of stomata.
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-12/uow-naa120718.php

Plant cells inherit knowledge of where's up and where's down from mother cell
At cell division, mother cell passes polarity information on to daughter cells.
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2018-12/iosa-pci120318.php

Study shows how plants evolve for faster growth
Research clarifies which anatomical changes are needed to create a functional C4-leaf and which are adopted later to further improve C4 photosynthesis.
https://phys.org/news/2018-12-evolve-faster-growth.html

Plants have a plan for all seasons
Many plants need to avoid flowering in the autumn – even if conditions are favourable – otherwise they would perish in winter.
https://phys.org/news/2018-12-seasons.html

How to See the Poetry in Plants
A botanist made fantastical sketches of the rain forests’ natural wonders.
https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/atlas-of-poetic-botany

The secret life of plants: Ten new species found this year
Scientists at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, discovered and named more than 100 new plants in 2018.
https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-46621092