Новости науки и практики // Декабрь 2025

Missing transporter protein found: How rice distributes iron to young leaves

In a recent study, a research team details the function of a newly protein OsIET1 (Oryza sativa Iron Efflux Transporter 1).

https://phys.org/...iron-young.html

Physiological roles of lignins – tuning cell wall hygroscopy and biomechanics

Pesquet et al provide a unifying description of lignins as regulators of cell wall hygroscopy and biomechanics for plant physiology as well as describe the molecular and cellular processes, enabling each cell wall layer to specifically adjust lignin properties.

https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/...70505

The ZAT14 family promotes cell death and regulates expansins to affect xylem formation and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis

Feng et al. uncovered a zinc finger of Arabidopsis thaliana 14 (ZAT14) transcription factor whose expression was enhanced in differentiating xylem through its positive regulation by vascular related nac-domain protein 7 (VND7) yet decreased in root tips through its negative regulation by plethora 2 (PLT2) in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Mutating ZAT14 and its closely related homologs, ZAT5, ZAT14L and ZAT15, disrupted vascular patterning and inhibited xylem differentiation indicating that ZATs are important for xylem formation.

https://academic.oup.com/...koaf271

Ethylene modulates cell wall mechanics for root responses to compaction

Zhang et al report how ethylene controls cell wall biosynthesis to promote root radial expansion. We demonstrate how soil compaction stress, via ethylene, upregulates Auxin Response Factor1 in the root cortex, which represses cellulose synthase (CESA) genes. CESA repression drives radial expansion of root cortical cells by modifying the thickness of their cell walls, which results in a thicker epidermis and thinner cortex.

https://www.nature.com/...09765-7

Role of cAMP in TIR1/AFB auxin signaling: open issues

The canonical mechanism by which the phytohormone auxin regulates transcription has been one of the cornerstones of plant signaling. The recent unexpected discovery of cyclic AMP (cAMP) as a second messenger in this pathway has revised its foundations while leaving many open questions and gaps in our understanding.

https://www.cell.com/...00300-0

Unique aquatic plant has three concurrent CO₂-concentrating mechanisms

A new study led by the Wuhan Botanical Garden of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (WBG, CAS) has identified a unique trait in the aquatic plant Ottelia alismoides—it can simultaneously employ three distinct CO₂-concentrating.

https://phys.org/...concurrent-mechanisms.html

Genetic engineering reduces plant's chromosome number without affecting its growth

Higher yields, greater resilience to climatic changes or diseases—the demands on crop plants are constantly growing. To address these challenges, researchers of Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) are developing new methods in genetic engineering.

https://phys.org/...affecting-growth.html

Multicellular cyanobacteria switch gene activity between day and night cycles

By analyzing gene expression in the cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme, the scientists discovered that during daylight, the cells focus on metabolism, precisely coordinating photosynthesis and carbon assimilation for cell division. But under cover of darkness, they turn to the control of genome repair and activate various genetic elements.

https://phys.org/...day-night.html

Not just stomata: Hidden water regulation mechanism could help crops survive drought

Researchers have discovered a previously unknown way plants regulate water that is so fundamental it may change plant biology textbooks—and open the door to breeding more drought-tolerant crops.

https://www.pnas.org/...4862122

Новые штаммы микроводоросли Bracteacoccus minor станут перспективным источником антиоксидантов

Ученые показали, что два штамма микроводоросли Bracteacoccus minor потенциально могут стать источником антиоксидантов для пищевой и фармацевтической промышленности.

https://www.mdpi.com/...10740

Hormone-free plant regeneration method works for multiple crops

Researchers at Wageningen University & Research (WUR), working in close collaboration with KeyGene, have developed a method that enables plant cells to regenerate into complete plants without the need for added hormones.

https://academic.oup.com/...koaf252

Lateral roots help plants adapt to low boron by expanding nutrient search

What makes plants tolerant to nutrient fluctuations? An international research team led by the Technical University of Munich (TUM) and involving the Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) has conducted a study on the micronutrient boron. The researchers analyzed 185 gene data sets from the model plant Arabidopsis. Their goal is to then be able to transfer the findings to the important crop plant rapeseed.

https://phys.org/...boron-nutrient.html

How plants decide when to flower: Scientists discover a phosphorus-responsive switch

The world's food systems depend on phosphorus mined from limited reserves, yet much of what is applied to fields washes away, leaving soils increasingly depleted. Researchers at Michigan State University's Plant Resilience Institute have uncovered the molecular mechanism that allows plants to sense phosphorus deficiency and delay flowering. It is survival strategy. The manuscript, published in Developmental Cell, reveals a phosphorus-dependent "switch" inside plant cells that reprograms their development when nutrients are scarce.

https://phys.org/...phosphorus-responsive.html

How plants decide their size: Study maps plant growth strategies across roots, leaves, and stems

What makes plants grow to a certain size? From the tiniest cells to whole leaves, roots, and stems, growth has to be carefully coordinated—but until now, it has been hard to compare findings from different studies.

https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/...70576

Биологи нашли систему принудительного роста вниз у растений

Американские ботаники выяснили, что ориентация растений в пространстве — результат конкуренции двух противоположных сигнальных систем, а не простого стремления расти вверх. Они описали белок SLQ1, который активно заставляет стебель расти вниз. Это открытие меняет представление о гравитропизме: оказалось, растения балансируют между сигналами «вверх» и «вниз».

https://naked-science.ru/...sistemu-pr