08 мая, 2024

Новости науки и практики // Май 2024

Plants utilize drought stress hormone to block snacking spider mites

Spider mite infestation induces a rapid stomatal closure response.

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1043467

Genomes of “star algae” shed light on origin of plants

International research team generates first genomes of complex closest relatives of land plants.

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1043338

Calcium can protect potato plants from bacterial wilt

In the new study, the researchers initiated their investigation using potato plant genotypes with contrasting levels of resistance to bacterial wilt. This approach allowed the researchers to examine how different levels of natural resistance within the plants could be linked to their mineral compositions. The researchers assessed the mineral content in various parts of the potato plants, such as the xylem sap, roots, stems and leaves, focusing on the relationship between these minerals, particularly calcium, and the plants' resistance to bacterial wilt.

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1042888

Novel genetic plant regeneration approach without the application of phytohormones

Researchers develop a novel plant regeneration approach by modulating the expression of genes that control plant cell differentiation.

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1042645

Barley plants fine-tune their root microbial communities through sugary secretions

The custom community of beneficial microbes improve the plants’ growth.

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1041362

Plant sensors could act as an early warning system for farmers

Sensors that detect plant signaling molecules can reveal when crops are experiencing too much light or heat, or attack from insects or microbes.

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1041615

How seaweed became multicellular

Three lineages of macroalgae developed multicellularity independently and during very different time periods by acquiring genes that enable cell adhesion, extracellular matrix formation, and cell differentiation, researchers report in the journal Molecular Plant. Surprisingly, many of these multicellular-enabling genes had viral origins.

https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1040110

Симбиотическую бактерию, умеющую фиксировать азот, повысили в звании до органеллы

Азотфиксирующая бактерия, поселившись в водорослях, со временем стала внутриклеточной органеллой, связывающей атмосферный азот.

https://elementy.ru/novosti_nauki/434218/Simbioticheskuyu_bakteriyu_umeyushchuyu_fiksirovat_azot_povysili_v_zvanii_do_organelly

Protein network dynamics during cell division

An international team has mapped the movement of proteins encoded by the yeast genome throughout its cell cycle. This is the first time that all the proteins of an organism have been tracked across the cell cycle, which required a combination of deep learning and high-throughput microscopy.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2024/04/240422120656.htm

A dynamic ubiquitination balance of cell proliferation and endoreduplication regulators determines plant organ size

Structural biology studies by means of x-ray crystallography could be used to explore the effect of ubiquitination on the structure of proteins, giving more insights into this exciting growth-regulating pathway.

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adj2570

A plant’s way to its favorite food: discover how plants adapt their root growth to changes of nutrients

Scientists compared how Arabidopsis seedlings that were grown exclusively on ammonium reacted, once the scientists transferred them to media containing either ammonium or nitrate.

https://scitechdaily.com/a-plants-way-to-its-favorite-food-discover-how-plants-adapt-their-root-growth-to-changes-of-nutrients/

Role of plant neurotransmitters in salt stress: A critical review

Neurotransmitters and plant hormone interactions reduce salt stress-induced oxidative damage.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0981942824002699

A systematic review of three key sugar metabolism proteins: HXK, SnRK1 and TOR

Sugar signaling is one of the most important regulatory signals for plant growth and development, and its metabolic network contains many regulatory factors. Sugar signaling molecules regulate cellular activities and organismal development by interacting with other intrinsic regulators and environmental cues. HXK, SnRK1 and TOR are three proteins that play key roles in the plant sugar metabolism network.

https://phys.org/news/2024-04-systematic-key-sugar-metabolism-proteins.html

Unveiling the molecular functions of lipid droplet proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves

Recent studies have shown that lipid droplets (LDs) also localize unique plant proteins that perform essential molecular functions. For example, seed lipid droplets (LDs) localize plant proteins called oleosins, which help the seeds weather freezing temperatures and germinate properly.

https://phys.org/news/2024-04-unveiling-molecular-functions-lipid-droplet.html

Ethylene’s Magic: Boosting Crop Yields and Strengthening Plant Vigor

Research reveals that treating seedlings with ethylene in darkness, followed by light exposure, enhances their growth and stress tolerance. This method, first observed in Arabidopsis thaliana, also applies to crops like tomatoes, cucumbers, and wheat.

https://scitechdaily.com/ethylenes-magic-boosting-crop-yields-and-strengthening-plant-vigor/