Новости науки и практики // Ноябрь 2025

High-temperature acclimation of photosystem II in land plants

Posch et al believe that failing to account for acclimation may result in the underestimation of PSII heat tolerance and that the extent of acclimation can be predicted from leaf economic traits, leaf habit, plant water use strategies, photosynthetic pathway, and habitat. They also explore efforts to use spectroscopy techniques to predict acclimation, and the biotic and abiotic factors that may influence these predictions.

https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/...70661

The interplay of RALF structural and signaling functions in plant-microbe interactions

Rapid alkalinisation factor (RALF) peptides, signalling molecules binding to CrRLK1L complexes, also organise primary cell wall structure. This review discusses these novel findings, their implications for plant-microbe interactions, and future research directions.

https://journals.plos.org/...1013588

Kinase KEY1 controls pyrenoid condensate size throughout the cell cycle by disrupting phase separation interactions

He et al identify a kinase, KEY1, in the model alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that regulates pyrenoid condensate size and number dynamics throughout the cell cycle and is necessary for normal pyrenoid function and growth. Unlike wild type, key1 mutant cells have multiple smaller condensates throughout the cell cycle that fail to dissolve during cell division.

https://www.biorxiv.org/...681382v1

A genetic switch lets plants accept nitrogen-fixing bacteria

Researchers are one step closer to understanding how some plants survive without nitrogen. Their work could eventually reduce the need for artificial fertilizer in crops such as wheat, maize, or rice.

https://phys.org/...nitrogen-bacteria

Single Cell Multi-Omics Reveals Rare Biosynthetic Cell Types in the Medicinal Tree Camptotheca acuminata

Camptotheca acuminata, a medicinal tree, produces camptothecin, a compound used in anticancer drugs. The biosynthesis of camptothecin involves complex steps, with the formation of strictosidinic acid catalysed by STR enzymes.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/...70386

KATANIN promotes cell elongation and division to generate proper cell numbers in maize organs

Microtubule severing is essential for proper eukaryotic cell elongation and division. Here we show that the microtubule severing protein, KATANIN, is encoded by two genes in Zea mays (maize) called Discordia3a (Dcd3a) and Dcd3b. Loss of function allele combinations contribute to reduced microtubule severing and decreased cell elongation. The latter results in reduced cell number by slowing entry into mitosis. KATANIN is important for preprophase band (PPB) formation and positioning, and nuclear positioning in symmetric cell divisions. A combination of these defects contribute to generating mutant plants with small size and aberrant shape.

https://www.biorxiv.org/...680529v1

Extra iron helps stressed out wheat grow up big and strong

Researchers have discovered that extended periods of high stress lead to iron deficiency and stunted growth in wheat crops. Experiments show reducing iron deficiency with a synthetic organic molecule called PDMA results in better growth and healthier plants.

https://phys.org/...stressed-wheat-big

The mechanism, and application of selenium hyperaccumulator Cardamine hupingshanensis: status and challenges

This comprehensive review summarizes the state-of-the-art progress on the molecular mechanisms underlying Se hyperaccumulation in Cardamine hupingshanensis.

https://academic.oup.com/...mcaf245

Plants under stress: How rye rearranges its genes

Researchers have gained new insights into the genetic basis of rye reproduction. They have demonstrated how plants recombine their genes and the extent to which this process is influenced by environmental factors such as nutrient deficiency.

https://phys.org/...rye-rearranges-genes

Researchers develop a cold-resistant tomato variety without compromising plant growth

A new study published in Plant Physiology opens the door to developing more robust and cold-resistant tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) varieties. The findings reveal that increasing glycosylated sterol levels in tomato enhances cold tolerance by stabilizing cell membranes and activating hormonal signaling pathways.

https://phys.org/...tomato-variety-compromising

How combined stressors affect tomato plant photosynthesis and trigger complex responses

Every year, abiotic stress factors such as drought, heat, salinity or high light intensity—combined with unfavorable soil conditions caused by human activity (herbicides, pH changes, or various contaminants such as microplastics)

https://phys.org/...tomato-photosynthesis

Synthetic biology to supercharge photosynthesis in crops

Australian researchers have created tiny compartments to help supercharge photosynthesis, potentially boosting wheat and rice yields while slashing water and nitrogen use.

https://phys.org/...supercharge-photosynthesis

Во Вьетнаме обнаружены зеленые водоросли, необычайно богатые жирными кислотами

Исследователи обнаружили, что в почвах Социалистической Республики Вьетнам обитают сразу три ранее неизвестных вида зеленых водорослей, чьи клетки очень быстро и активно накапливают омега-3 и другие жирные кислоты, необходимые для нормальной работы всех живых организмов.

https://www.frontiersin.org/...1517865

Genome-wide analysis of gene expression in sorghum furthers efforts to improve stem biomass

Recent advances in genetic, genomic, and transcriptomic resources have improved our understanding of sorghum biology, including a study identifying the gene expression patterns in the major cell types that make up the tissue of sorghum stems—the bulk of the plant's total biomass—as well as potential cell-type-specific promoters and underlying regulatory gene networks.

https://phys.org/...gene-sorghum

Matching gene expression to metabolite production in single plant cells

A research team at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology has successfully combined single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell mass spectrometry (scMS) analysis on the same plant cell.

https://www.pnas.org/...2512828122