Новости науки и практики // Июль 2019

It's not easy being green
UCR (University of California) research uncovers elusive process essential to plant greening.
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-06/uoc--ine061119.php

Sleep, wake, repeat: How do plants work on different time zones?
Plants can be night owls, too (and get old!)
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-06/ei-swr060319.php

 
Scientists discover gene that could help us grow crops faster
The study shows that Arabidopsis thaliana mutant plants missing the PLM (phloem unloading modulator) gene were found to release more substances from the phloem (a specialised tissue for long distance transport) at the tips of their roots. PLM is specifically acting at the interface between the phloem pole pericycle (PPP) and endodermal cells, an interface important for the radial movement of substances after unloading. Removing PLM gene activity could enable plants to more rapidly and efficiently transport nutrients to where they are needed."As a result of the increased unloading, the roots in the mutant plants grew faster and longer.
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-06/uoc-sdg060619.php
 

Scientists discover how plants breathe -- and how humans shaped their 'lungs'
Scientists propose that the coordination of stomata and mesophyll airspace pattern underpins water use efficiency in crops.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/06/190627113953.htm

K⁺ and Cl⁻ channels/transporters independently fine-tune photosynthesis in plants
Roles of the K+/H+ antiporter KEA3, the Cl− channel/transporter CLCe and the voltage-dependent Cl− channel VCCN1 have been unraveled in Arabidopsis thaliana. They independently adjust photosynthesis on the basis of analyses using single and higher order loss-of-function mutants.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-44972-z

Phytochrome activates the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase for chloroplast biogenesis via nucleus-to-plastid signaling
The investigations reveal the framework of a nucleus-to-plastid anterograde signaling pathway by which phytochrome signaling in the nucleus controls plastidial transcription.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-10518-0

How brassinosteroid signaling makes roots grow longer under nitrogen deficiency
As sessile organisms, plants rely on their ability to adapt the development and growth of their roots in response to changing nutrient conditions. One such response, known to be displayed by plants grown in low nitrogen conditions, is the elongation of primary and lateral roots to explore the surrounding soil.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/06/190607110518.htm
 

How do stomata respond to water status?
In work review historical and recent advances in stomatal water relations. 
https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.15899

The unique photosynthetic apparatus of Pinaceae: analysis of photosynthetic complexes in Picea abies
In this study reported a detailed characterization of the thylakoid photosynthetic machinery of Picea abies (L.) Karst).
https://academic.oup.com/jxb/article/70/12/3211/5425460

An SI-independent regulator
The stigma has tightly regulated recognition mechanisms at several levels to prevent unwanted pollen from achieving fertilization. Knowledge about barriers controlling interspecific incompatibility is scarce. New evidence reveals a novel gene involved in regulating interspecies incompatibility in self-compatible Arabidopsis thaliana.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41477-019-0446-4

What happens when plants dominate lakes?
How does water change the dynamics of plant life? What is life like in a lake? Is it much like life on the shore, but wetter? Or are the environmental challenges significantly different?
https://www.botany.one/2019/06/what-happens-when-plants-dominate-lakes/

 
Dynamic modeling of the iron deficiency in plants
Scientists unravel the mysteries of the iron deficiency-induced transcriptional response in plants using a dynamic model.
https://www.botany.one/2019/06/dynamic-modeling-of-the-iron-deficiency-in-plants/

 
The incredible Amorphophallus
https://www.rbge.org.uk/titan-arum

Electrons take alternative route to prevent plant stress
Plants can suppress the production of reactive oxygen species by oxidizing P700 (the reaction center chlorophyll in photosystem I). A new study has revealed more about this vital process: the cyclic electron flow induced by P700 oxidation is an electric charge recombination occurring in photosystem I.
https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2019-06/ku-eta061919.php
 

Communications Between the Endoplasmic Reticulum and Other Organelles During Abiotic Stress Response in Plants
In this review discuss the signaling and metabolite exchanges between the ER and other organelles during abiotic stress responses in plants as well as the ER-organelle membrane contact sites and their associated tethering complexes.
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2019.00749/full

 
Mathematics of plant leaves
Unusual Japanese plant inspires recalculation of equation used to model leaf arrangement patterns.
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/06/190606150226.htm